The most common types of cranes used in construction are mobile (mobile), tower and Derrick cranes. Derrick cranes are specially developed cranes for high-rise buildings. Mobile cranes with hundreds of different configurations can have telescopic or cage booms or walk on rubber wheels or pallets.
The cage-type mobile crane booms can be moved in almost any direction and can be extended or shortened by adding or removing new booms. The telescopic booms are made up of intertwined tube sections that are extended or retracted by a hydraulic cylinder.
Mobile cranes are manufactured in different capacities according to need, from small and highly mobile types to larger types from 15 to 80 tonnes. Naturally, as the capacity increases, the health risks of the employees and the safety risks of the enterprise, which are created by the burdens it carries, increase.
Mobile cranes should be used mainly by trained and experienced operators. In construction, unbalanced loads are often lifted, transported and placed. This is always a danger.
Mobile cranes are self-propelled vehicles and have high mobility. Therefore, it is preferred in working environments where ground conditions are unfavorable and long-term work is required in small areas. In some conditions, mobile cranes can also be used by mounting on a truck. In short, mobile cranes can move in a certain area and generally do the work of several fixed units.
The standards that are taken as basis in the control and inspection works carried out by the competent authorities are as follows:
TS EN 13000 + A1 Cranes - Mobile cranes
TS EN 13001-3-2 Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Verification of boundary conditions and conformity of wire ropes in rope winding systems
TS 10162 Mobile cranes - Drum and pulley dimensions
TS ISO 8566-2 Cranes - Cabins - Part 2: Mobile cranes
The application is received, the contract is followed and the organization, which product, vehicle and work equipment, what type of survey or inspection is determined.
An expert team is guided by the relevant examinations and the evaluations requested by the organization are performed NDT or visually.
The data obtained as a result of the inspection is evaluated by the expert auditors and the accredited inspection report is submitted to the company.
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