People generally believe that organic foods are healthier than traditional foods. There are many studies comparing the vitamin, mineral and antioxidant content of organic and conventional foodstuffs. Because organic farming, especially in the last 20 year, has attracted increasing interest in many parts of the world.
In the industrialized countries, organic agriculture has started to be given importance in order to solve the environmental problems created by traditional agricultural practices. Moreover, some governments promote organic agriculture. As such, the number of producers engaged in organic agricultural production has increased significantly, especially in the European Union countries. Organic agricultural activities potentially offer benefits to developing countries by providing export opportunities to world markets.
On the marketing front, the demand for organic products is growing all over the world. Many factors have been effective in this. The first is raising awareness of health and diet issues. The second factor is consumer awareness and greater attention to food safety. The third factor is environmental pollution problems and the rapid deterioration of ecological balance. Finally, the last factor is the debate about genetically modified organisms. All these factors have accelerated the demand for organic food.
In general terms, organic farming is an agricultural form of organic production methods, which does not use artificial fertilizers and chemicals and has a high level of environmental sustainability. In this form of agriculture, the plants are fed from the soil ecosystem and not fed with soluble fertilizers added to the soil. Organic grown plants receive nutrients slowly released from the soil at a temperature-controlled rate.
In this system, the metabolism of the plant and its ability to absorb nutrients are not much due to the large amount of soluble salts in the soil water. In organic farming systems, it is essential to maintain plant productivity and soil fertility. For this purpose, product return, crop residues, animal manure, green manure, mechanical planting, approved mineral rocks and biological pest management are applied.
Organic agriculture studies aim to nourish and protect the soil for future generations. In order to achieve this goal, importance is given to the use of renewable resources, protection of energy resources, protection of soil and water resources and protection of environmental quality.
The ultimate goal of organic production is therefore to be sustainable. In order to be sustainable, it is essential to produce food with high nutritional value, to increase biological cycles in agricultural systems, to prevent pollution caused by agriculture, to protect and increase soil fertility, to work in a closed system as much as possible, to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and to be present with the environment.
Today, all over the world, organic farming is recognized as an ecological production management that promotes and enhances biological diversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. This system is based on practices that use non-agricultural inputs to a minimum and restore and improve ecological adaptation.
Organic product certification activities provide numerous advantages to both society and manufacturers. First of all, future generations will be protected and they will be healthy. It is a responsibility for today's generations to leave a clean environment that has not been compromised by the effects of chemicals and that has not been genetically modified. At the same time, the protection of soil and water and the fact that they do not lose their nutritional value depend on these efforts. Many pesticides used in traditional agriculture are transmitted to underground and surface water sources and endanger the lives of all living things, including humans.
The need for machinery in organic farming activities is very low compared to traditional agriculture. Only this is important for the protection of energy resources.
It is essential that the chemical drugs used in production in a limited amount do not leave residues in the growing plant. This is important for people to be healthy and not have genetic problems.
Organic farming also protects people working in production.
Overall, sustainable agriculture is of great importance to overcome environmental problems around the world. Sustainable agriculture is economically viable. Agricultural activities are sustainable as long as they are ecologically sound, economically viable, socially fair, culturally appropriate and based on a holistic scientific approach.
Sustainable agriculture preserves biodiversity, preserves soil fertility and purity of water, improves the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil, and saves energy by recycling natural resources. Sustainable agriculture also means minimizing the use of existing renewable resources and the right technologies at affordable prices and the use of inputs from foreign countries.
For all these reasons, certification of organic products is important. What distinguishes organic farming activities from other sustainable farming methods is the existence of production standards and certification procedures. Therefore, it creates a different marketing advantage compared to other approaches. In addition to being part of sustainable agriculture, organic farming is an alternative approach to traditional agriculture.
Biological farming is agricultural systems that promote the use of biological systems to improve soils and produce healthy products. In this system, the principle of not using artificial fertilizers and chemicals applies. Biological agriculture and bio products are generally used in European countries as equivalent to organic agriculture.
Ecological agriculture is a way of referring to organic systems in some countries. The basis of this system is the idea of being agricultural, ecological and sustainable. In many European countries, organic farming is referred to as ecological farming. This system is based on commitment to ecosystem management rather than external inputs and chemicals.
Organic farming has come a long way since the early 1960 years. Due to the benefits of organic farming practices and its consequences, demand for organic products is growing rapidly around the world. The benefits of organic farming for the environment and human health are undeniable. Because the use of harmful chemicals in the production process is prevented. Organic agriculture also provides many social benefits, such as supporting small farmers and rural communities and preserving animal welfare and biodiversity.
In addition, according to experts' opinion, organic products are more delicious and nutritious than traditional products. But consumers need scientific evidence to support these claims. Today, terms such as clean, safe and green are used for organic products in the market and marketing claims are used. Clean means uncleaned product from a variety of sources, whether physical, chemical or microbial contamination. Green is generally environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly or low environmental impact.
Today only food products that meet the permissible residue limits and maximum concentrations based on published standards and verification systems are considered to be clean and safe.
First, it is determined whether the organization meets the mandatory requirements of the standard and whether to proceed to the next stage.
It is checked whether necessary procedures and audits have been developed and your institution's readiness for evaluation is reviewed.
The findings that arise in the first two stages are evaluated and after all corrective actions are reviewed, document preparation is started.
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